Buffer Solution is a solution of weak acid and conjugate base or a weak base and conjugate acid used to resist pH change with the added solute. It is used to prevent any change in the pH of a solution, regardless of solute. Buffer solutions are used as a means of keeping pH at a nearly constant value in a wide variety of chemical applications. Buffer solutions play an important role in many industrial processes such as electroplating, food processing, manufacture of medicines, dyes and photographic materials, etc.
Features of Buffer Solution :::::
1.) Buffer solutions are resistant to pH change because of the presence of an equilibrium between the acid (HA) and its conjugate base (A-).
2.) When some strong acid is added to a buffer, the equilibrium is shifted to the left, and the hydrogen ion concentration increases by less than expected for the amount of strong acid added.
3.) Buffer solutions are necessary for biology for keeping the correct pH for proteins to work.
4.) Buffers can be prepared in multiple ways by creating a solution of an acid and its conjugate base.
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