Chloroform or trichloromethane, is an organic compound with formula CHCl₃. It is a colorless, strong-smelling, dense liquid that is produced on a large scale as a precursor to PTFE. It is also a precursor to various refrigerants. It is one of the four chloromethanes and a trihalomethane.
The toxic dose of chloroform is 7 to 25 mg/dL (0.59 to 2.1 mmol/L). At inhaled concentrations of less than 1500 ppm, physical effects of dizziness, tiredness, and headache are reported; anesthesia occurs at a range of 1500 to 30,000 ppm.
While handling chloroform, one must follow safety procedures. Chloroform is often formed as a by-product during the process of water chlorination along with a range of other disinfection by-products and thus is present in municipal tap water and swimming pools. Chloroform when orally ingested, inhaled, or on dermal exposure can cause sores as a result of defatting. The accidental splashing of chloroform into the eyes is found to cause severe irritations. Chloroform is also found to be carcinogenic to humans.
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